This is Deal Junkie. I’m Michael, it is 8:30 AM Eastern on Monday, October 27, 2025. Here’s what we’re covering today:
- Rates: 10-year Treasury yields are holding around the mid-4% range as markets brace for a potential Fed rate cut this week.
- Pricing: CRE values show signs of stabilization – a leading property index is up nearly 3% year-over-year, suggesting the pricing downturn has leveled off.
- Credit: CMBS loan delinquencies notched a slight decline (to ~8.6% in September) for the first time this year, though office properties remain under outsized stress.
- Macro: Inflation sits at 2.9% (near the Fed’s target) and job growth has slowed to a trickle, sharpening expectations that the Federal Reserve will ease policy to support the cooling economy.
Financing Conditions (Rates & Yields)
Borrowing costs remain elevated but are easing off their peak. The benchmark 10-year Treasury yield is hovering around 4.2%, down from its highs earlier in the year yet still roughly double the level of early 2022. This high base rate continues to translate into commercial mortgage rates in the 6–8% range for many borrowers once lender spreads are added – a stark contrast to the sub-4% financing seen just a few years ago. However, the Federal Reserve’s pivot toward rate cuts is providing some relief: the Fed delivered its first 0.25% rate cut in September and is widely expected to cut another quarter-point at this week’s meeting. With the Fed’s target now around the low-4% range (and possibly soon high-3%), the pressure on long-term yields has eased, helping cap financing costs for now. Many lenders and investors are watching this flattening yield curve (short-term rates drifting down closer to long-term yields) as a sign that the worst of the rate squeeze may be behind us.
Despite the high-rate environment, debt capital is gradually finding its way back into the market. Private-label CMBS issuance year-to-date is about $91 billion – up roughly 26% from last year – reflecting renewed investor appetite for high-yield real estate debt. Similarly, CRE CLO (collateralized loan obligation) issuance has surged (over 200% higher year-on-year), as alternative lenders package transitional loans to meet demand. Traditional banks still hold the lion’s share of outstanding CRE debt (nearly 50%), but they’ve become more selective, particularly on construction and office loans. Meanwhile, agency lenders (Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac) have slightly pulled back their activity (their share of new CRE loans dipped to ~20% from 25% a year ago), opening space for debt funds and mortgage REITs to expand – now roughly 14% of new loan originations. Overall, financing is available but on tighter terms: lenders are favoring lower-leverage deals and higher-quality assets, and many borrowers must bring more equity to the table. If the Fed proceeds with another rate cut, we could see a modest uptick in refinancing as interest costs dip, but don’t expect a return to easy money – underwriting remains strict and spreads haven’t loosened much yet.
Property Pricing Trends (Valuations)
After a volatile few years, commercial property values are showing notable stability heading into Q4. Green Street’s all-property Commercial Property Price Index ticked up 0.2% in September, putting the index about 2.9% higher than a year ago. Other price gauges echo a similar trend: values have essentially found a floor in 2025 after correcting from their 2022 peaks. Importantly, transaction markets have thawed – buyers and sellers are inching closer on pricing expectations. In fact, deal volume is rebounding: a surge of closings in late Q3 helped push U.S. commercial real estate investment volume up roughly 16% compared to earlier in the year. This uptick in activity suggests that price discovery is improving and investors are gaining confidence that pricing is now in a fair range given the higher interest rate environment.
Valuation trends vary by sector, but the broad picture is one of cautious equilibrium. Cap rates (property yields) have inched up only slightly over the past year – the nationwide average cap rate is around 6.4%, up from about 6.3% a year ago, reflecting a mild increase in required returns. Higher cap rates generally meant lower values, but strong income growth in sectors like industrial and multifamily has balanced the equation. Indeed, industrial and multifamily assets have largely retained their values, supported by healthy rent growth and demand fundamentals. By contrast, office properties have seen significant price corrections – many office buildings are valued well below their pre-pandemic levels, with average cap rates now pushing 7% or higher to attract hesitant investors. Retail and hospitality asset values have steadied and even improved in spots, buoyed by surprisingly resilient consumer spending and travel trends this year. The overall takeaway is that prices have stabilized: the market is no longer in free-fall. Any further pricing moves are likely to be gradual and sector-specific. With interest rate clarity improving, expect incremental price gains in stronger asset classes, while weaker assets trade at discounted levels until their outlooks brighten.
Credit Health (CMBS & Loan Performance)
Commercial real estate credit stress remains elevated, but recent data offers a glimmer of improvement. In the CMBS (commercial mortgage-backed securities) market – often a bellwether for broader CRE loan performance – delinquency rates have finally ticked down. September saw CMBS delinquencies around 8.6%, a modest but meaningful improvement from roughly 9.4% in August. Likewise, the percentage of loans in special servicing (undergoing workout or foreclosure processes) dipped slightly to about 10.6%. Combined, roughly 11.3% of securitized CRE loans are in some form of distress (either delinquent or specially serviced), down from a peak of roughly 11.8% a month prior. While this is a positive turn, put it in context: pre-2024, the comparable distress rate was under 5%. In other words, today’s level of loan trouble is still more than double the historical norm – a clear overhang of the higher interest rates and pandemic-era challenges. The office sector remains the epicenter of trouble, accounting for a disproportionate share of delinquencies and workouts as weak leasing and falling values plague many office landlords. Multifamily loans, too, have seen rising strain in certain markets (especially where rent growth cooled and expenses climbed), though apartment distress is still much less severe than office. On a brighter note, retail and hotel loans have improved in performance over the past quarter – steady consumer spending and travel rebound have reduced defaults in those property types. And notably, industrial loans continue to outperform; industrial default rates are very low thanks to strong logistics demand and solid tenant credit. It’s also worth mentioning that loans held by banks have, so far, fared better than their CMBS counterparts – banks report overall CRE loan delinquency around 2% on average, as many banks have been proactive with extensions and modifications to keep borrowers afloat. Still, the true test for bank portfolios may be ahead as more loans mature.
The wave of maturing CRE debt is a critical story underlying these credit metrics. An estimated $950+ billion of commercial mortgages come due in 2025 across all lenders. Borrowers with loans originated during the low-rate era are now facing much higher refinancing costs and stricter terms. This dynamic raises the risk of more distress if refinancing can’t be arranged or if asset values have fallen below the loan balance. Thus far, lenders and borrowers are employing creative measures to stave off defaults – the industry has entered a period of “extend and pretend” for some challenged loans. In the last quarter alone, over $11 billion in CRE loans were modified or extended, especially among large office and hotel loans, as stakeholders opt to buy time in hopes that conditions improve. These extensions and restructurings are helping contain near-term default spikes, but they also kick the can down the road. Investors and lenders should be vigilant: each extended loan is a bet that either property cash flows or financing conditions will get better by the new maturity date. With the Fed now easing and yields stabilizing, there is cautious optimism that refinancing windows will widen a bit. Some distressed borrowers may get a second chance to refinance if interest rates drift lower. Even so, underwriting standards remain tight – only well-positioned assets with solid income streams are likely to secure refinancing without a hefty equity infusion. In short, credit stress in CRE seems to have peaked, but the resolution will be a slow grind. Watch for continued high office loan defaults and for any uptick in transfers to special servicing as key indicators of whether the credit situation is truly turning the corner or merely plateauing.
Macro Outlook (Fed & Economy)
All eyes are on the Federal Reserve this week as it prepares for a policy meeting on October 28–29. The consensus on Wall Street is that the Fed will cut interest rates by another 25 basis points, lowering the federal funds target range to about 3.75%–4.00%. This would be the second rate cut of 2025 (following the September cut) and mark a notable shift into an easing cycle after the rapid rate hikes of 2022–2023. The motivation? Economic signals have softened just enough to give the Fed cover to nudge rates down. Inflation has moderated significantly – the Consumer Price Index is running at 2.9% year-over-year, essentially within touching distance of the Fed’s 2% goal (especially compared to the 8–9% inflation spikes seen in 2022). At the same time, the labor market, while still relatively healthy, has clearly cooled: recent job reports showed almost zero net job growth (only around 20k jobs added last month), and unemployment has edged up to roughly 4.3%. In essence, the Fed’s dual mandate indicators are moving in the desired direction (inflation down, employment softening), albeit simultaneously, which presents a tricky balance. Fed officials have expressed concern about downside risks to employment – they want to prevent a minor hiring slowdown from turning into a broader slump. By cutting rates now, the Fed aims to lower borrowing costs and sustain the economic expansion. Indeed, financial markets have fully priced in this quarter-point cut; futures put the odds of an October cut at near certainty. Barring any last-minute surprises, we should expect an announcement of a 0.25% cut, bringing policy rates to their lowest level since 2022.
Looking beyond this week, the policy outlook and macro forecast for 2026 are cautiously optimistic. Fed Chair Powell and colleagues will likely signal a data-dependent approach going forward – further rate cuts are on the table for 2026 if inflation stays subdued, but the Fed won’t want to overdo it if the economy shows resilience. Most economists at this point anticipate slow but positive GDP growth in 2026, essentially a soft landing scenario. We’re hearing projections of low recession risk over the next year, given that inflation is back under control and the Fed is pivoting to support growth. The base case is for the economy to muddle through with stable inflation around 2–3% and modest job gains each month, rather than slipping into a contraction. Of course, there are wildcards to watch: for instance, recent international trade frictions (including new tariffs) and any late-year government shutdowns could create headwinds or temporarily distort economic data. But fundamentally, the expectation is that the U.S. economy will avoid a severe downturn even as it absorbs higher borrowing costs from the past year. For commercial real estate players, this macro backdrop suggests we may be entering a period of relative stability: interest rates gradually drifting down, no runaway inflation, and a decent (if unspectacular) growth environment. The Fed’s tone will be important – if they emphasize that inflation is licked and prioritize growth, that could further boost market sentiment. If, however, some Fed officials remain hawkish (worried that tight labor markets could flare inflation back up), there might be a pause in cuts after this October move. In short, policy is turning friendlier for real estate, but it will be a gradual shift. Keep an ear on Fed communications and economic indicators, because the timing and pace of additional rate relief in 2026 will depend on how these cross-currents play out.
What this Means for Investors
- Refinancing window opening: With interest rates finally inching down, investors and owners should be ready to refinance debt coming due. Locking in slightly lower rates or extending maturities could relieve pressure on deals that penciled out at yesterday’s cheaper capital. However, don’t assume a return to ultralow rates – build in cushions for future rate volatility, and consider interest rate hedges for floating-rate exposures.
- Stability in valuations: The fact that property values are stabilizing is a green light to re-engage in deal hunting. Investors who were on the sidelines waiting for the “bottom” in prices may find that the window for discounts is starting to close, at least for quality assets. It could be a prime moment to selectively acquire assets in sectors that have repriced (think offices or hotels with turnaround stories, or retail centers in strong locations) before values tick up further. Still, thorough due diligence is key – focus on assets with durable cash flows, since pricing is firming up but not skyrocketing.
- Mind the debt maturities: Elevated loan delinquency and the looming wall of maturities mean portfolio vigilance is paramount. Investors should stress-test their holdings for any loans maturing in the next 12–24 months. Engage lenders early to negotiate extensions or modifications if needed – it’s far better to refinance or restructure before a loan defaults. Also, explore alternative financing (debt funds, mezzanine capital, JV equity) as contingency plans for assets that traditional banks may shy away from. In this environment, fresh equity injections might be necessary to right-size capital stacks, so be prepared to deploy reserves or bring in partners to shore up troubled deals.
- Strategic positioning: With the Fed shifting stance and economic growth expected to be slow but steady, now is the time to play offense carefully. Focus on investments and strategies that can weather a lukewarm economy – properties with strong occupancy and essential demand drivers (logistics facilities, affordable multifamily, grocery-anchored retail) are safer bets. Avoid over-leveraging even if credit starts to loosen slightly; the goal should be resilience. Additionally, keep an eye on where institutional capital is flowing: if big investors are trimming exposure to certain sectors or geographies, there may be opportunities for savvy players to fill the gap (or, conversely, signals of areas to be cautious about). In short, maintain discipline – but be ready to act as the market’s fundamentals bottom out.
Quick Roundup
- Blackstone cashes in: Blackstone reported a 48% jump in Q3 earnings, boosted by the sale of $7.3 billion in real estate assets last quarter. The firm beat expectations and attributed the performance to seizing a window of strong investor demand for high-quality properties. This aggressive selling – coupled with $3.6 billion in new acquisitions – signals that major players see the beginnings of a CRE market recovery and are repositioning their portfolios accordingly.
- Apartment supply surge: A new forecast from Yardi Matrix shows multifamily construction will deliver more units in 2025–2027 than previously expected. About 585,000 new apartments are now slated for 2025 (roughly a 6.8% upward revision), with robust development pipelines extending into 2026 and 2027. Despite a slight dip in projects under construction this quarter, the pace of new starts is up about 4–5% over last year, meaning developers haven’t tapped the brakes much. Longer construction timelines (often 2+ years for large projects) mean today’s starts will keep adding supply into 2027. Investors in the apartment sector should anticipate pockets of oversupply – especially in fast-building Sun Belt markets – which could soften rent growth in the mid-term even as housing demand remains high.
- Institutional allocation shifts: For the first time in over a decade, institutional investors are paring back their target allocations to real estate – albeit very slightly. A global survey found the average target allocation ticked down from 10.8% to 10.7% of portfolios dedicated to real estate. This 10-basis-point dip is modest, but symbolically it’s the first pullback since 2013 and reflects a bit of caution after years of heavy investment in property. Some big institutions are redirecting incremental dollars toward infrastructure and private credit, which have delivered strong returns recently. Nonetheless, real estate remains a core holding – roughly 68% of institutions worldwide still plan to maintain or increase their real estate exposure, and many expect to revert to higher targets once the market fully stabilizes. The near-term effect may be slightly lower capital inflows to CRE funds and deals until confidence in valuations and liquidity improves further.
Bottom Line
After a tumultuous stretch, the commercial real estate landscape is gradually regaining its footing. Financing conditions are set to improve marginally as interest rates plateau or fall, property prices appear to have found a floor (with investors cautiously reentering the market), and even the credit distress in loans is no longer worsening. Yet, challenges remain – particularly the refinancing hurdles for debt-heavy deals and the workout of troubled office assets will test the industry’s resolve into 2026. The bottom line: there’s a sense of cautious optimism in CRE right now. Stakeholders should capitalize on emerging opportunities (like lower financing costs and steadier valuations) but stay disciplined in risk management. In this phase of the cycle, steady hands and savvy strategy will separate the winners from the rest as the market charts a path toward a new equilibrium.
That’s it for now, but we’ll be back tomorrow. I’m Michael until next time.